General Magic, created in May of 1990 in Mountain View, CA by Apple veteran Bill Atkinson and Mark Porat, was widely known for pioneering the "cloud"-based infrastructure and innovated on the personal digital assistant with its Magic Cap operating system. This PDA popularized Internet-connected handheld devices, thanks to its so-called "cloud"-powered engine, Telescript, designed to be universally compatible with various operating systems and hardware of the time. In its later years, it would be based in Sunnyvale, CA. The company would eventually file bankruptcy and shutter in September of 2002.